PDS_VERSION_ID       = PDS3                                           
LABEL_REVISION_NOTE = "                                               
    2006-01-27, L.Kamp, Created.                                      
    2006-06-16, L.Kamp, Revised per comments from 2006.06.12 DAWG.    
    2006-11-27, L.Kamp, Revised per comments from SBN.                
    2007-10-18, Maud Barthelemy, 70 char line length.                 
  "                                                                   
                                                                      
RECORD_TYPE          = "STREAM"                                       
                                                                      
OBJECT     = INSTRUMENT                                               
  INSTRUMENT_HOST_ID = "RO"                                           
  INSTRUMENT_ID      = "MIRO"                                         
                                                                      
  OBJECT     = INSTRUMENT_INFORMATION                                 
    INSTRUMENT_NAME = "MICROWAVE INSTRUMENT FOR THE ROSETTA ORBITER"  
    INSTRUMENT_TYPE = {"RADIOMETER","SPECTROMETER"}                   
    INSTRUMENT_DESC = "                                               
                                                                      
  Instrument Overview                                                 
  ===================                                                 
                                                                      
    The MIRO instrument will provide both very sensitive continuum    
    capability for temperature determination and extremely high-      
    resolution spectroscopy for observation of molecular species.     
    The MIRO instrument consists of two heterodyne radiometers, one   
    at millimeter wavelengths (1.3 mm) and one at submillimeter       
    wavelengths (0.5 mm). The millimeter and the sub-millmeter        
    radiometers have continuum bandwidths of 0.5 GHz and 1.0 GHz      
    respectively in addition, the submillimeter receiver has a total  
    spectroscopic bandwidth of 180 MHz and a spectral resolution of   
    44 kHz. In the spectroscopic mode, 4096 channels, each having a   
    bandwidth of 44 kHz, are observed simultaneously.                 
                                                                      
  Instrument Summary                                                  
  ==================                                                  
                                                                      
    The performance parameters that govern the MIRO instrument        
    design include system sensitivity, spatial resolution,            
    radiometric accuracy (both absolute and relative), beam pattern   
    and pointing accuracy, together with the mass, power, volume      
    envelope, and environmental conditions available within the       
    spacecraft.  The MIRO instrument performance characteristics      
    are summarised in Table below.                                    
                                                                      
 Equipment       Property               MM-Wave         SubMM-Wave    
                                                                      
 Telescope     Primary Diameter          30 cm           30 cm        
               Primary F/D                 1               1          
               Sidelobes                -30 dB          -30 dB        
               Spatial Resolution      24 arcmin       8 arcmin       
               Footprint (at 2 km)       ~15 m           ~5 m         
                                                                      
 Spectral      Freq Band              188.5-191.5GHz  547.5-580.5GHz  
 Performance   1st IF Bandwidth          550MHz          11GHz        
               1st IF Freq Rng          1-1.5GHz       5.5-16.5GHz    
               Spectral Resolution        n/a            44 kHz       
               Spectral Rng per line      n/a         nominally 20 MHz
               Accuracy                   n/a            10 kHz       
                                                                      
 Spectrometer  Center Freq/Bandwidth      n/a           1350/180 MHz  
               Number of channels         n/a              4096       
                                                                      
 Radiometric   DSB Receiver Noise        800 K            3800 K      
 Performance   Temperature                                            
               SSB Spectroscopic Sens                                 
               (300 KHz, 2 min)                                       
                relative                  n/a            2 Krms       
                absolute                  n/a            3 Krms       
               Continuum Sens (1 sec):                                
                relative                 1 Krms          1 Krms       
                absolute                 3 Krms          3 Krms       
                                                                      
 Data Rates    Instantaneous Rate                                     
               Continuum Mode                           <1 kbps       
               Spectroscopic Mode                        2 kbps       
               On-board Storage                          0.2 Gb (1)   
                                                                      
 (1) One day's data volume, Mode 3, 100 Duty cycle, see Vol 6., Table 
     6.3.1-1)                                                         
                                                                      
 Abbreviations used in above:                                         
   Freq = Frequency                                                   
   Rng = Range                                                        
   Sens = Sensitivity                                                 
                                                                      
  MIRO Data Modes                                                     
  ===============                                                     
                                                                      
    The MIRO instrument has 6 major modes of operation and data-      
    taking that reflect operational combinations of its two continuum 
    radiometers and the spectrometer, engineering mode, millimeter    
    continuum mode, submillimeter continuum mode, dual continuum      
    mode, CTS/submillimeter continuum mode, and CTS/dual continuum    
    mode.                                                             
    In addition, a special mode has been designed for planetary and   
    asteroid flybys.  A number of data compression options are        
    obtained in each mode by varying the data-taking rate (integration
    time per sample) and/or spectral resolution of the radiometers    
    and spectrometer. The parameters for each mode are summarized     
    below. For more details, see the MIRO User Manual (AD4 of the     
    EAICD, RO-MIR-IF-0001_14), Volume 6.1.                            
                                                                      
      1. Engineering Mode                                             
        In engineering mode the MIRO software is collecting           
        engineering data from 56 internal sensors. The sampling of    
        these sensors is at a 5 Hz rate. All engineering measurements 
        are 12-bit A/D converted values. The engineering mode         
        telemetry is sent to the spacecraft in the form of a          
        housekeeping telemetry packet. One engineering telemetry      
        packet is typically generated every 11 seconds.               
                                                                      
      2. Millimeter Continuum Mode                                    
        In millimeter continuum mode continuum data are collected from
        the millimeter radiometer at a 20 Hz. rate. All continuum data
        consist of 16-bit values. The millimeter continuum data are   
        nominally packetized into science telemetry packets every 10  
        seconds. A 'summing value' parameter can cause the MIRO       
        software to sum either 1, 2, 5, 10 or 20 separate continuum   
        values prior to putting them into the telemetry packet. This  
        feature can reduce the data rate to as little as one          
        millimeter continuum packet every 200 seconds.                
                                                                      
      3. Submillimeter Continuum Mode                                 
        Submillimeter continuum mode is identical to the millimeter   
        continuum mode in data collection and packing, except that a  
        different set of electronics is powered on.   Millimeter and  
        submillimeter continuum data are contained in separate science
        telemetry packets, identified by a field in the source data   
        header.                                                       
                                                                      
      4. Dual Continuum Mode                                          
        In dual continuum mode the millimeter and submillimeter       
        continuum are collected simultaneously.  When running in dual 
        continuumvmode, the summing value parameter mentioned earlier 
        is applied to both sets of data, causing equal amounts of     
        millimeter and submillimeter data to be generated.            
                                                                      
      5. CTS / Submillimeter Continuum Mode                           
        This mode adds the collection of chirp transform spectrometer 
        (CTS) data. The CTS is programmed by the MIRO software to run 
        for an initial sub-integration period of approximately 5      
        seconds. An internal LO frequency generator is then switched  
        and another 5 second period is observed. These pairs of       
        observations are repeated with the respective results being   
        summed over time. Selectable integration periods are 30, 60,  
        90 and 120 seconds. The data from the two LO frequencies are  
        then subtracted from each other to provide a single           
        4096-element difference  spectrum. The 4096 data values can   
        be further reduced by application of a smoothing function     
        whereby data from several channels are combined and weighted  
        to produce fewer final channels. Smoothing window sizes are 1,
        5, 7 and 9 channels. A mask is applied to the CTS data and    
        only 12 bits of each resulting measurement are returned. CTS  
        data collection and the LO frequency switching is             
        coordinated with the collection of continuum data. Exactly 100
        continuum samples are taken during each CTS scan. Upon        
        receipt of the data on the ground it is known at which LO     
        frequency all of the continuum measurements were made at. If  
        the CTS has just been powered on, an internal calibration of  
        the CTS is performed. This consists of loading the 4 CTS sum  
        of square tables with a linear ramping pattern. A 10,000 cycle
        integration is then performed and the resulting data read out.
        The data are then averaged to yield the mid-point of the      
        table. The resulting mid-point values for each table are      
        downlinked in telemetry packets for monitoring over time.     
                                                                      
      6. CTS / Dual Continuum Mode                                    
        This is the same as the CTS / SMM continuum mode except that  
        the millimeter data are also collected.                       
                                                                      
      7. Asteroid Mode                                                
        This special data-taking mode has been implemented for the    
        asteroid and planetary encounters to enable MIRO to follow the
        rapid Doppler shift of spectral lines that may be visible. The
        primary characteristic of this mode is that LO frequency      
        switching is turned off. The LO is set to either +5 MHz or - 5
        MHz from the nominal frequency prior to the encounter. At the 
        specified encounter time, the LO frequency is switched _ 5 Mhz
        (opposite from the first setting) from the nominal frequency. 
        Continuum data are collected at 20 Hz. Each set of CTS data   
        consists of a single 5-second integration with all 32 bits    
        returned for each 4096 channels.                              
          "                                                           
  END_OBJECT = INSTRUMENT_INFORMATION                                 
                                                                      
  OBJECT     = INSTRUMENT_REFERENCE_INFO                              
    REFERENCE_KEY_ID = "GULKISETAL2007" /*  MIRO Instrument Paper */  
  END_OBJECT = INSTRUMENT_REFERENCE_INFO                              
                                                                      
END_OBJECT = INSTRUMENT                                               
                                                                      
END