We propose the KINGFISH project (Key Insights on Nearby Galaxies: a Far-Infrared Survey with Herschel) of nearby (D<30 Mpc) galaxies mostly drawn from the SINGS sample, which span a large range of star forming (SF) environments found in the nearby Universe. KINGFISH will provide for the first time (1) imaging across the peak of the dust SED at a spatial resolution that matches individual SF complexes, and (2) spectroscopic maps of key diagnostic lines to constrain the cooling and heating processes of the warm neutral medium and the obscured ionized ISM.
The PACS and SPIRE imaging from 75 to 500 microns will produce the first comprehensive census of dust in different galactic environments on a spatially resolved basis. KINGFISH.s spectral line mapping will sample the full range of SF environments in regions that have already been targeted by SINGS IRS mapping. Leveraging the synergy between imaging and spectroscopy, KINGFISH will provide robust measures of the bolometric luminosity and star formation rates, the mass and spatial distribution of cold dust and the r^ance of different heating mechanisms in the energy balance of the dust in distinctly different environments. Measurements of [CII]158 micron, [OI]63 micron, [OIII]88 micron, and [NII]122, 205 micron, will finally provide the diagnostics needed to understand two crucial, but so far ill-understood, components of the star formation and feedback matter cycle: the warm neutral medium and the obscured ionized medium.
The analysis and modeling of KINGFISH.s imaging and spectroscopy will draw on the unique expertise from the Spitzer SINGS survey at shorter wavelengths. The resulting dataset will be of immense astrophysical power and enormous long-term legacy value, bringing us a crucial step closer to understanding star formation and energy feedback on scales of gala...xies. It will also provide an invaluable foundation for interpreting observations of more distant galaxies with Herschel, ALMA, and other facilities.
Publication
The Radio Spectral Energy Distribution and Star-formation Rate Calibration in Galaxies . Tabatabaei F. S. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 836, Issue 2, article id. 185, 24 pp. (2017). . 836 . 10.3847\/1538-4357\/836\/2\/185 . 2017ApJ...836..185T , KINGFISH—Key Insights on Nearby Galaxies: A Far-Infrared Survey with Herschel: Survey Description and Image Atlas . Kennicutt R. C. et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Volume 123, Issue 910, pp. 1347 (2011). . 123 . 10.1086\/663818 . 2011PASP..123.1347K , JINGLE - IV. Dust, H I gas, and metal scaling laws in the local Universe . De Looze I. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.496.3668D , Star Formation Bimodality in Early-type Galaxies . Amblard A. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 783, Issue 2, article id. 135, 31 pp. (2014). . 783 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/783\/2\/135 . 2014ApJ...783..135A , DustPedia: the relationships between stars, gas, and dust for galaxies residing in different environments . Davies J. I. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...626A..63D , Old and young stellar populations in DustPedia galaxies and their role in dust heating . Nersesian A. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...624A..80N , Updated 34-band Photometry for the Sings/KINGFISH Samples of Nearby Galaxies . Dale D. A. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 837, Issue 1, article id. 90, 20 pp. (2017). . 837 . 10.3847\/1538-4357\/aa6032 . 2017ApJ...837...90D , The Star Formation in Radio... Survey: GBT 33 GHz Observations of Nearby Galaxy Nuclei and Extranuclear Star-forming Regions . Murphy E. J. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 761, Issue 2, article id. 97, 22 pp. (2012). . 761 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/761\/2\/97 . 2012ApJ...761...97M , On the scaling relations of bulges and early-type galaxies . Pastrav Bogdan A. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2021MNRAS.506..452P , Local Swift-BAT active galactic nuclei prefer circumnuclear star formation . Lutz D. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 609, id.A9, 7 pp. . 609 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201731423 . 2018A&A...609A...9L , Herschel observations of Hickson compact groups of galaxies: Unveiling the properties of cold dust . Bitsakis T. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 565, id.A25, 31 pp. . 565 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201323349 . 2014A&A...565A..25B , Linking dust emission to fundamental properties in galaxies: the low-metallicity picture . Rémy-Ruyer A. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 582, id.A121, 42 pp. . 582 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201526067 . 2015A&A...582A.121R , Calibration of the total infrared luminosity of nearby galaxies from Spitzer and Herschel bands . Galametz M. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 431, Issue 2, p.1956-1986 . 431 . 10.1093\/mnras\/stt313 . 2013MNRAS.431.1956G , DustPedia: A Definitive Study of Cosmic Dust in the Local Universe . Davies J. I. et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Volume 129, Issue 974, pp. 044102 (2017). . 129 . 10.1088\/1538-3873\/129\/974\/044102 . 2017PASP..129d4102D , The case for thermalization as a contributor to the [C II] deficit . Sutter Jessica et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2021MNRAS.503..911S , DustPedia: Multiwavelength photometry and imagery of 875 nearby galaxies in 42 ultraviolet-microwave bands . Clark C. J. R. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 609, id.A37, 30 pp. . 609 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201731419 . 2018A&A...609A..37C , Cool dust heating and temperature mixing in nearby star-forming galaxies . Hunt L. K. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 576, id.A33, 23 pp. . 576 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201424734 . 2015A&A...576A..33H , A nearby galaxy perspective on dust evolution. Scaling relations and constraints on the dust build-up in galaxies with the DustPedia and DGS samples . Galliano Frédéric et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2021A&A...649A..18G , Reproducing the Universe: a comparison between the EAGLE simulations and the nearby DustPedia galaxy sample . Trčka Ana et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.494.2823T , Modeling Dust and Starlight in Galaxies Observed by Spitzer and Herschel: The KINGFISH Sample . Aniano G. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal . null . null . 2020ApJ...889..150A , Dust emissivity and absorption cross section in DustPedia late-type galaxies . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...631A.102B , Predicting the global far-infrared SED of galaxies via machine learning techniques . Dobbels W. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...634A..57D , Herschel Spectroscopy of Early-type Galaxies . Lapham Ryen Carl et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 840, Issue 1, article id. 51, 23 pp. (2017). . 840 . 10.3847\/1538-4357\/aa6d83 . 2017ApJ...840...51L , L‧CO/LFIR Relations with CO Rotational Ladders of Galaxies Across the Herschel SPIRE Archive . Kamenetzky J. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 829, Issue 2, article id. 93, 16 pp. (2016). . 829 . 10.3847\/0004-637X\/829\/2\/93 . 2016ApJ...829...93K , Determining Type Ia Supernova Host Galaxy Extinction Probabilities and a Statistical Approach to Estimating the Absorption-to-reddening Ratio RV . Cikota Aleksandar et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 819, Issue 2, article id. 152, 13 pp. (2016). . 819 . 10.3847\/0004-637X\/819\/2\/152 . 2016ApJ...819..152C , Dust grain size evolution in local galaxies: a comparison between observations and simulations . Relaño M. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2022MNRAS.515.5306R , Herschel Far-infrared and Submillimeter Photometry for the KINGFISH Sample of nearby Galaxies . Dale D. A. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 745, Issue 1, article id. 95, 18 pp. (2012). . 745 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/745\/1\/95 . 2012ApJ...745...95D , Fraction of bolometric luminosity absorbed by dust in DustPedia galaxies . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 620, id.A112, 21 pp. . 620 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833699 . 2018A&A...620A.112B , UV to submillimetre luminosity functions of TNG50 galaxies . Trčka Ana et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2022MNRAS.516.3728T , [C II] 158 μm Emission as a Star Formation Tracer . Herrera-Camus R. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 800, Issue 1, article id. 1, 22 pp. (2015). . 800 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/800\/1\/1 . 2015ApJ...800....1H , Dust and star formation properties of a complete sample of local galaxies drawn from the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue . Clemens M. S. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 433, Issue 1, p.695-711 . 433 . 10.1093\/mnras\/stt760 . 2013MNRAS.433..695C , Vindicating single-T modified blackbody fits to Herschel SEDs . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 552, id.A89, 5 pp. . 552 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201220866 . 2013A&A...552A..89B , The Emission by Dust and Stars of Nearby Galaxies in the Herschel KINGFISH Survey . Skibba Ramin A. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 738, Issue 1, article id. 89, 18 pp. (2011). . 738 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/738\/1\/89 . 2011ApJ...738...89S , Dust emission profiles of DustPedia galaxies . Mosenkov A. V. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 622, id.A132, 24 pp. . 622 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833932 . 2019A&A...622A.132M , Comprehensive comparison of models for spectral energy distributions from 0.1 μm to 1 mm of nearby star-forming galaxies . Hunt L. K. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 621, id.A51, 40 pp. . 621 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201834212 . 2019A&A...621A..51H , Dissecting Nearby Galaxies with piXedfit. II. Spatially Resolved Scaling Relations among Stars, Dust, and Gas . Abdurro'uf Lin et al. . The Astrophysical Journal . null . null . 2022ApJ...935...98A , The local luminosity function of star-forming galaxies derived from the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue . Negrello M. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 429, Issue 2, p.1309-1323 . 429 . 10.1093\/mnras\/sts417 . 2013MNRAS.429.1309N ,
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009! It is the fourth 'cornerstone' mission in the ESA science programme. With a 3.5 m Cassegrain telescope it is the largest space telescope ever launched. It is performing photometry and spectroscopy in approximately the 55-671 µm range, bridging the gap between earlier infrared space missions and groundbased facilities.
